Samuel pennock



S. PENNOCK.

RoAD GRADER.

(No Model.)

WITNESSES:

INVENTOR K, f f m i UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE'.

SAMUEL PENNOOK, OF KENNETT SQUARE, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOE T O THE S.PENNOOK & SONS COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

RoAD-GRADER.

EPECIEICATION forming part ofLetters Patent No. 318,019, dated May 19,1885.`

(No inodc'.)

To LZ whom, it may concern:

VBe it known that I, SAMUEL PENNooK, a citizen of the United States,residing at the borough of Kennett Square, in the county of Chester andState of Pennsylvania, have in vented certain new and usefulImprovements in Road-Graders, of which the following is a full, clear,and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings.

This invention is an improvement in that class of road-grading machinesin which a scraper is connected to a frame-work upon wheels-such, forexample, as the graders shown and described in` my Letters Patent(reissue) No. 10,023, of January 31, 1882, and No. 270,693, of January16, 1883.

The invention comprises two distinct fcatures, one of which relates todevices for rais= ing and lowering the scraper, and the otherapplicableto what are known as two-\vlieel7 road-graders-to the combination, withthe usual small supportingwheel at the front of the machine, ot' meansfor elevating said wheel out of contact with-theground in order'topermit the same to evade sods, stones, or other large obstacles in theroadway, or when the latter is generally very rough or uneven, (whenotherwise the lifting of the wheel by running over sods, Sie., wouldraise up the scraper, and thus cause it to temporarily skip its work, soto say,) and for lowering the wheel when the i obstacles have beenpassed, and for retaining the same in the different positions.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is an oblique perspective viewfrom the near side of a two-wheel road-grader in which my presentimprovements are embodied. Fig. 2 is an off-side elevation thereof. Fig.3 is a side elevation, enlarged, of the mechanism for imparting verticalmovement to the scraper, and Fig. 4. is a section thereof, as on theline a a, Fig. 3, but with the rack and segment thrown out of gear. r

The same letters of reference always mark the saine parts.

S is the scraper, seeured'to the diagonal bar S, which bar is connectedto the verticallymovable end bars, V V', that are in turn connected tohand-levers HH', respectively, pivoted on the standards es es', whichconstitute part of the main frame-work F, which is fastened to and restsupon the axle A of the wheels NV. Either end of the scraperbar,or bothends simultaneously, may be raised orlowered by operating said levers.One of these, H, is shown connected with the scraper-bar in the usualmanner. The other, H', has a different arrruigement for operating thatend ofthe scraper, which forms the first abovementioned feature of mypresent invention. Its-object is to provide a means for adjusting thevertical bar V and its operating-lever H' with relation to each other,in order to avoid the necessity of the operator, who stands upon theusual platform at the rear of the machine, (not seen in the drawings,)giving a wide sweep of said lever inorder to raise and depress the bar,and consequently the scraper, under extreme conditions whereby the levermay be adjusted with relation to the vertical bar, as required by thecharacter of theroadway or the contour there= of, so that it will benecessary to turn the Vlever in but a comparativelyshort are, and thusthe operator will have better control of the f in other words,

same. I may here state that these devices now to be described are a.modification of devices for a like purpose which are described in acertain application i'or Letters Patent which I have just iiied forimprovements in roadgraders, and which was executed by me on the 21stday of January, 188i. The end or' the short arm oflever H is providedwith atoothed segment, S S, Figs. 2, 3, and i-, whose teeth or cogsengage with those of a rack, T, upon the vertical bar V', whose lowerextremity is con- Inected to the scraper-bar S". Bar V' is` adapted toslide freely in a slot in one of the pieces cY of the supporting-frameF, in such a manner that it is also' capable, under circumstanceshereinafter explained, of being moved a short distance to and fro, thelower end of bar V having also a pivotal attachment to the scraper bar.When the rack is released, (by means of the devices hereinafter to bedescribed,) it may be thrown out of gear with the segment, whereupon barV, and with it the scraper, falls, the latter resting upon the ground.Lever H is then rotated to the desired position, in which it is retainedby an ordinary springcatch, that locks into one of the teeth of a curvedrack, It, and the rack 'l is then drawn forward by the devices abovereferred to into its formerposition-il e., into engagement with thesegment S S.

The means for attaining the results just mentioned are as follows: Anarm, q, secured to the side of the upright fus', to which lever H ispivoted, carries at its free end a shaft or stud, b, that is providedwith an eccentric, e, and a small friction-wheel, p, in a slot in anupright, Z, through which also stud bpasses. The upright Z is pivoted atO to the framepiece e. The Said stud has a crank, m, for turning theeccentric, and it is stopped or retained in the two extreme positions bya stoppin, n. "When the eccentric is thrown to the one positionthatshown in Figs. 2 and S--the rack is engaged with the segment, the edgeof bar V to which the rack is attached being pressed against by thesmall wheel p. I make use of this wheel in order that the bar may bemoved up and down, when the lever H is rotated when the machine is doingwork, with as little friction as possible. Then the cranke., theeccentric-is thrown in the opposite direction, the upright Z is swungout and wheel p moves back out of contact with the bar, whereupon therack may be disengaged from segment S S, all as seenin Fig. 4, and saidlever be turned as required, which done, the bar and rack are `thenthrown back into position by rotating crank m, as before.

The other improvement,relating to the raising and lowering of the smallsupportingwheel J at the frontend ofthe usual. frame of a two-wheelgrader,is as follows: Said wheel is iournaled in the lower extremityof avertical frame, 7c, between the two sides of which the tongue t of themachine passes and is attached to the main frame F. Frame 7.: is bracedby bars b, pivoted thereto and to frame F, as shown, and is connected atits upper end to the short arm r of a hand-lever, U, which is pivoted ona lng, y, near the apex ot the main frame F, which, l may state, is ofthe triangular form common in machines of this class. New, when lever Uis in one position--that is,upright-the wheel .I rests upon the ground,but when for any reason-such as previously eXplained-it is desirable toelevate the wheel, the long arm'oi' the lever is depressed, whereby thewheel is elevated, as indicated in Fig. 2. Said lever is provided with aspringcontrolled catch, 2, engaging with slots 3 in a segmental rack, G,secured to the frame of the machine, whereby the lever,and consequentlywheel J, are retained in the different positions.

I am aware that prior to my invention a castenwheel has been verticallyelevated and lowered by means of the short arm of a lever, and aradius-rod parallel to said short arm, the caster-wheel being secured tothe lower side of a soeket-piece, the outer end of said arm and rodbeing pivotally attached to said piece, and also having their inner endsful ernmed and pivoted, respectively, to a bracket-frame.

I am also aware that a caster-wheel has been raised and lowered by meansof a straight lever provided with pendent pivoted pieces on its outerend, in which the wheel is journaled.

Having thus described the construction and operation of my invention, Iclaim as new and desire to secure by Letters PatentH l. In aroad-grader, the combination of the scraper, avertically-niovable bar,as V', eonnected thereto and provided with a toothed rack, as T, apivoted hand-lever, as H, provided with a segment, as S S, having teethor cogs adapted to engage with the teeth or cogs of said rack, togetherwith means, substantially as shown, for throwing the rack and segmentout of gear and retaining the same in position, substantially as and forthe purpose set forth.

2. The scraper, the vertically-movable bar V,conneeted thereto, thepivoted hand-lever, the segment S S, the toothed rack T, the bar q, andthe eccentric e, with means for rotating the same and holding it inposition, together with the friction-wheel p, all combined, constructed,and adapted to operate substantially as and for the purpose described.

In a roadseraper, the combination,with the inain'triangular frame, of alever pivoted at the forward end thereof', and a segmental rack alsosecured thereto, of a vertical frame depending from the shorter arm ofsaid lever, and in the lower extremity of which is borne a wheel,pivoted steadying-braces extending from the lower end of said verticalframe to the sides of the main frame, and the springcatch secured to thelonger arm ot' the lever for engaging the rack, whereby the wheel is TOOmaintained in position when elevated, substantially as described andshown.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto at fixed my signature this 4th dayof February, A. D. 188i.

SAMUEL IENNOCK.

\Vitnesses:

Tues. T. Wonnini., \Vrr..r.\i\r H. PHiLLirs.

